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25.08.2025


This lifestyle helps prevent dementia at a young age

If you regularly spend time outdoors, take vitamin D supplements, are physically active, and ensure regular contact with family and friends, you're less likely to develop dementia at a young age. This is according to an epidemiological study published in JAMA Neurology.


This lifestyle helps prevent dementia at a young age


Study
Neuropsychologists from Maastricht University analyzed data collected as part of the UK Biobank project. The data covered more than half a million Britons aged 37-73 between 2006 and 2010.

The researchers were able to follow the participants until 2018-2021.

The researchers tracked which study participants developed symptoms of dementia before the age of 65. The scientific term for this is young-onset dementia. The researchers then looked for factors that increased or decreased the risk of young-onset dementia.

Results
The figure below summarizes the correlations the researchers found. Hearing loss, low orthostatic blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, heart disease, and depression increased the risk of early dementia. These are factors that are influenced to some extent by lifestyle, but this influence is limited.


This lifestyle helps prevent dementia at a young age


The researchers also discovered several factors that are directly influenced by lifestyle.

People who rarely had contact with friends or family had a significantly increased risk of early dementia. Social isolation increased the risk of early dementia by 53 percent. Regular social contact or staying active in the community boosts brain function.

Handgrip strength, however, protected against early dementia. People with above-average hand strength had a 42 percent lower risk of early dementia than people with relatively little hand strength. If you are physically active, especially if you do weight training, your hand strength is greater.

The role of vitamin D was also striking. A particularly low vitamin D level of less than 10 nanograms of vitamin D per milliliter increased the risk of early dementia by 59 percent. Vitamin D supplementation and, in particular, exposure to sunlight - the main source of vitamin D - increase vitamin D levels.

Conclusion
Little research has been conducted on factors that contribute to early dementia. Most scientists assume that approximately 40 percent of dementia that begins later in life is directly related to lifestyle. The Maastricht study suggests that lifestyle also plays a significant role in young-onset dementia.

Source:
JAMA Neurol. 2024 Feb 1;81(2):134-42.

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Archives:
Alzheimer's & Dementia


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