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Trigonelline keeps you fit and strong as the years go by
If you are older but still want to stay strong and fit, anything that increases the concentration of NAD+ in your cells is interesting. Swiss researchers suspect that you can achieve this by supplementing with trigonelline, a metabolite of vitamin B3 present in coffee, pumpkin and fenugreek.
Trigonelline
Trigonelline is a metabolite of the vitamin B3 analogue nicotinic acid. Attach a methyl group in the right place to nicotinic acid and tata - you get trigonelline. The substance is found in large quantities in fenugreek seeds, coffee, pumpkin and peas.
After it became clear how interesting NAD+ is for athletes and life extenders - the body makes NAD+ from vitamin B3 - interest among scientists and companies in alternative NAD+ precursors grew. The most commonly used at the moment are NR and especially NMN, [increaselifespan.net 7-5-2023] but trigonelline may also be worthwhile.
Epidemiology
Researchers from food giant Nestlé published the results of a series of studies into the longevity effects of trigonelline in Nature Metabolism in March 2024. This also includes an epidemiological study, which is based on data collected in studies from China and Iran.
According to the researchers, there is a connection between the amount of trigonelline in the blood of the study participants - who, by the way, were of relatively old age - and their physical condition. The higher the concentration of trigonelline, the less likely the study participants suffered from sarcopenia. More trigonelline in the blood meant more muscle strength and more endurance.
Click on the figure below for a larger version.
The researchers analyzed cells of the study participants and saw that a high concentration of trigonelline was mainly associated with increasing activity of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation [in other words: activating the signaling molecules with which the cell activates building and breakdown processes] and therefore also in anabolic processes, the synthesizing proteins and clean-up processes.
The researchers conclude from the literature that a high concentration of trigonelline in the blood is mainly a consequence of a high intake of trigonelline in the diet - and not of a high intake of vitamin B3.
Animal study 1 | Living longer
The researchers gave trigonelline to nematodes and saw that they lived longer as a result.
Animal study 2 | Stronger and fitter
In another animal experiment, the researchers administered elderly mice a hefty dose of trigonelline by oral route for 5 days. They then determined in succession how much force the mice could close their claws once and several times.
Through supplementation, the old mice were able to develop more muscle strength both once and several times in succession than old mice that did not receive trigonelline.
The figure above may tell you how trigonelline makes old organisms stronger and fitter. Supplementation with trigonelline increased the concentration of NAD+ in the cells and blood of the test animals.
Dosage?
The researchers - and the company they are affiliated with - have patented their findings. [AU2020310493A1] In this patent, the researchers describe protein-rich products that also contain trigonelline, which should accelerate muscle growth.
In the patent we read that, according to the researchers, people should use trigonelline in a daily dose that is somewhere between 100 and 1000 milligrams.
Source:
Nat Metab. 2024 Mar 19. doi: 10.1038/s42255-024-00997-x.
More:
More vitamin B3 gives people over 40 more muscles and less body fat 19.02.2024
Diet rich in vitamin B3 protects against Alzheimer's 30.01.2020
Anti-aging vitamin nicotinamide-riboside keeps diabetics healthy 04.10.2016
Nicotinamide-riboside extends life expectancy and rejuvenates muscles 09.09.2016
Nicotinamide-riboside transforms muscle cells into super muscle cells 27.07.2016
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