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24.10.2015

Intensive exercise is healthier

Exercise is always healthy, even if you get an awful lot of it. We wrote about that recently. But does it matter whether you do high intensity exercise or take things more gently? It does, according to an article published by researchers at the University of Sydney in JAMA Internal Medicine. Exercise is even healthier if about a quarter to a third of the total amount of activity you get is made up of intensive exercise.

Study
The researchers used data that had been gathered during the Australian 45 And Up study. They followed over two hundred thousand men and women, who were aged 45-75 at the start of the study, for over seven years.

The researchers knew how many minutes per week the participants spent doing exercise, and how many of those minutes were devoted to 'vigorous' exercise. "Vigorous activity is defined as activity that made you breathe harder or puff and pant, like jogging, cycling, aerobics, competitive tennis, but not household chores or gardening," the researchers wrote.

That exercise reduces the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease and fatal forms of cancer is not new, but it is still not clear what types of activity increase our survival chances the most. That's why the researchers made a distinction between intensive and moderate-intensive physical exercise. Moderately intensive physical activity included "gentle swimming, social tennis, vigorous gardening or work around the house".

Results
The more of the total number of minutes devoted to intensive exercise every week, the lower the participants' risk of dying, as the figure below shows. The risk of dying for the participants that never engaged in intensive exercise was fixed at 1 in the figure below.

In the table below the researchers split their results up even further. As you can see, vigorous activity reduced the mortality risk in the participants who exercised relatively little and in those who exercised a lot.

MVPA = total moderate to vigorous activity; VPA = vigorous activity.

Conclusion
"Independent of the total amount of physical activity, engaging in some vigorous activity was protective against all-cause mortality", the researchers wrote. “This finding applied to both sexes, all age categories, people with different weight status, and people with or without cardiometabolic disease."

"Doing some vigorous activity might be important for increasing longevity among middle aged and older adults. If vigorous activities are consistently independently associated with health benefits, such activities should be more strongly encouraged in activity guidelines to maximize the population benefits of physical activity."

Source:
JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Jun;175(6):970-7.

More:
Whether you do a little or a lot, exercise is always healthy 17.10.2015
Irisin is the reason that exercise protects against cancer 26.09.2014
Exercise prevents creakiness and illness in old age 19.09.2014

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